{"id":3558,"date":"2017-01-04T10:13:15","date_gmt":"2017-01-04T09:13:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=3558"},"modified":"2022-06-14T14:30:41","modified_gmt":"2022-06-14T12:30:41","slug":"near-shoemaker","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=3558","title":{"rendered":"NEAR Shoemaker"},"content":{"rendered":"

Prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t publikovan\u00e9 na slovenskej Wikip\u00e9dii.<\/a> Autor: Jana Plauchov\u00e1 ako Eryn Blaireov\u00e1. Spoluautori<\/a>: Helix84 (oprava pravopisnej chyby), Kresadlo (oprava preklepov a pravopisu), Vegetator (oprava pravopisn\u00fdch ch\u00fdb), IP 95.103.238.8 (oprava preklepu)
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Text je dostupn\u00fd pod Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0<\/a> a GFDL<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n

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\"Sonda<\/a>

Sonda NEAR v nosnej rakete Delta II<\/p><\/div>\n

NEAR Shoemaker<\/strong> (N<\/strong>ear E<\/strong>arth A<\/strong>steroid R<\/strong>endezvous) bola kozmick\u00e1 sonda NASA, ktor\u00e1 sk\u00famala plan\u00e9tku 433 Eros a stala sa jeho umelou dru\u017eicou. Bola to prv\u00e1 sonda vypusten\u00e1 v r\u00e1mci programu Discovery. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 to bola prv\u00e1 sonda, ktor\u00e1 prist\u00e1la na povrchu plan\u00e9tky. Asteroid Eros sa tak stal po Mesiaci, Marse a Venu\u0161i<\/a> \u0161tvrt\u00fdm vesm\u00edrnym telesom, na ktorom prist\u00e1la kozmick\u00e1 sonda a vykonala merania.<\/p>\n

Jej hlavn\u00e9 ciele boli stanovenie ve\u013ekosti, tvaru, hmotnosti, rozlo\u017eenia gravita\u010dn\u00e9ho po\u013ea, mineralogick\u00e9ho zlo\u017eenia, geol\u00f3gia, morfol\u00f3gia a zlo\u017eenie povrchu, rozlo\u017eenie hmoty vo vn\u00fatri telesa a p\u00e1tranie po existencii pr\u00edpadn\u00e9ho magnetick\u00e9ho po\u013ea. Pred dosiahnut\u00edm svojho hlavn\u00e9ho cie\u013eov\u00e9ho telesa, asteroidu Eros, sonda preletela okolo plan\u00e9tky Mathilde. Riadiace stredisko sondy, Mission Operations Center, s\u00eddilo v are\u00e1li Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore.<\/p>\n

Popis sondy<\/h2>\n

NEAR bola sonda \u00faplne stabilizovan\u00e1 v troch osiach. Energiu z\u00edskavala prostredn\u00edctvom \u0161tyroch sol\u00e1rnych panelov s rozmermi 1,8 \u00d7 1,2 m, ktor\u00e9 v p\u00e1sme plan\u00e9tok dod\u00e1vali v\u00fdkon 400 W a dob\u00edjali akumul\u00e1tor. Na z\u00e1znamy \u00fadajov sl\u00fa\u017eili dve polovodi\u010dov\u00e9 ve\u013ekokapacitn\u00e9 pam\u00e4te 0,67 Gbit a 1,1 Gbit. Na spojenie so Zemou sa pou\u017e\u00edvala parabolick\u00e1 ant\u00e9na s priemerom 1,5 metra. Na korekcie dr\u00e1hy bola sonda NEAR vybaven\u00e1 motorom na kvapaln\u00e9 pohonn\u00e9 hmoty a jej stabiliz\u00e1ciu zais\u0165ovali \u0161tyri gyroskopy. Vzletov\u00e1 hmotnos\u0165 sondy dosahovala 805 kg.<\/p>\n

\"Umelcova<\/a>

Umelcova predstava o sonde NEAR Shoemaker v bl\u00edzkosti plan\u00e9tky Eros<\/p><\/div>\n

Vedeck\u00e9 pr\u00edstroje<\/h3>\n