{"id":4296,"date":"2017-11-21T20:16:20","date_gmt":"2017-11-21T19:16:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=4296"},"modified":"2017-11-21T20:16:20","modified_gmt":"2017-11-21T19:16:20","slug":"chandra","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=4296","title":{"rendered":"Chandra"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"male2\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/sk.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Chandra&amp;oldid=6584205\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t publikovan\u00e9 na slovenskej Wikip\u00e9dii.<\/a> Autor: Jana Plauchov\u00e1 ako Eryn Blaireov\u00e1.<br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"male2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Text je dostupn\u00fd pod <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0<\/a> a <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gnu.org\/copyleft\/fdl.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">GFDL<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/533px-Chandra_X-ray_Observatory.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-4198 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/533px-Chandra_X-ray_Observatory-300x270.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"270\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/533px-Chandra_X-ray_Observatory-300x270.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/533px-Chandra_X-ray_Observatory.jpg 533w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>R\u00f6ntgenov\u00e9 observat\u00f3rium <strong>Chandra<\/strong> je r\u00f6ntgenov\u00fd \u010falekoh\u013ead, ktor\u00fd pracuje na obe\u017enej dr\u00e1he Zeme. Je pomenovan\u00fd prez\u00fdvkou indick\u00e9ho astrofyzika Subrahmanyana Chandrasekhara, ktor\u00fd \u0161tudoval z\u00e1vere\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1di\u00e1 evol\u00facie <a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=708\">hviezd<\/a>. V staroidnickom jazyku sanskrit znamen\u00e1 slovo chandra &#8222;jasnos\u0165&#8220;, ale aj &#8222;mesiac&#8220;. Observat\u00f3rium vyniesol na obe\u017en\u00fa dr\u00e1hu <a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=403\">raketopl\u00e1n<\/a> Columbia v roku 1999 a odvtedy poskytuje ve\u013emi cenn\u00e9 pozorovania a merania.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Chandru postavila firma TRW Space &amp; Electronics Group, Redondo Beach (USA). Prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013eom je stredisko NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) v Huntsville (USA). Chandra patr\u00ed medzi najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie projekty NASA. Celkov\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na jej v\u00fdvoj sa vy\u0161plhali na jeden a pol miliardy dol\u00e1rov. Spolu s Hubblov\u00fdm vesm\u00edrnym \u010falekoh\u013eadom, Spitzerov\u00fdm vesm\u00edrnym \u010falekoh\u013eadom a observat\u00f3riom Compton GRO sa zara\u010fuje medzi Ve\u013ek\u00e9 kozmick\u00e9 observat\u00f3ri\u00e1. So svojimi rozmermi 13,8 x 19,5 m a hmotnos\u0165ou 4 800 kg je to najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1klad, ak\u00fd kedy Columbia na obe\u017en\u00fa dr\u00e1hu vyniesla.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pozorovanie vesm\u00edrnu v r\u00f6ntgenovej oblasti spektra je ve\u013emi zlo\u017eit\u00e9. Zemsk\u00e1 atmosf\u00e9ra ho neprep\u00fa\u0161\u0165a, v\u010faka \u010domu je mo\u017en\u00fd \u017eivot na Zemi. R\u00f6ntgenov\u00e9 detektory preto musia by\u0165 vyn\u00e1\u0161an\u00e9 na obe\u017en\u00fa dr\u00e1hu. Chandra pozoruje v m\u00e4kkom r\u00f6ntgenovom \u017eiaren\u00ed od 1 keV do 10 keV. \u00dalohou observat\u00f3ria je vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 podrobn\u00e9 sn\u00edmky a spektr\u00e1 u\u017e objaven\u00fdch kozmick\u00fdch r\u00f6netgenov\u00fdch zdrojov s vysokou uhlovou aj spektr\u00e1lnou rozli\u0161ovacou schopnos\u0165ou. V zozname objektov, ktor\u00e9 pozoruje, n\u00e1jdeme r\u00f6ntgenov\u00e9 dvojhviezdy, supernovy, zvy\u0161ky supernov, pulzary, akt\u00edvne galaxie, medzigalaktick\u00fa hmotu a kvazary.<\/p>\n<h2>Popis objektu<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Chandra je trojosovo stabilizovan\u00e1 dru\u017eica valcovit\u00e9ho tvaru s celkovou d\u013a\u017ekou 14 metrov. Pr\u00edstrojov\u00fd \u00fasek s celkovou d\u013a\u017ekou 11,80 m m\u00e1 tvar n\u00edzkeho osembok\u00e9ho hranolu. Je vybaven\u00e1 p\u00e1rom slne\u010dn\u00fdch panelov s rozp\u00e4t\u00edm 19,51 m. Tie dod\u00e1vaj\u00fa 2,35 kW elektrickej energie a dob\u00edjaj\u00fa 3 akumul\u00e1torov\u00e9 bat\u00e9rie s kapacitou 3\u00d740 Ah. Observat\u00f3rium je tie\u017e vybaven\u00e9 syst\u00e9mom orienta\u010dn\u00fdch rakiet. Na palube Chandry s\u00fa tieto pr\u00edstroje:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">r\u00f6ntgenov\u00fd \u010falekoh\u013ead o priemerom 1,2 m a ohniskovou vzdialenos\u0165ou 10,05 m. Je tvoren\u00fd 4 s\u00fabormi parabolick\u00fdch zrkadiel a 4 s\u00fabormi hyperbolick\u00fdch zrkadiel s d\u013a\u017ekou 0,85 m, zorn\u00fdm po\u013eom priemeru 1,0\u00b0 a s rozl\u00ed\u0161en\u00edm 0,5&#8243;. Zrkadl\u00e1 s\u00fa zostaven\u00e9 okolo spolo\u010dnej optickej osi. Ich povrch je pokryt\u00fd vysoko odraziv\u00fdm ir\u00eddiom. Dopadaj\u00face r\u00f6ntgenov\u00e9 \u017eiarenie sa najprv odraz\u00ed od vn\u00fatorn\u00fdch pl\u00f4ch parabolidov, potom od vn\u00fatorn\u00fdch pl\u00f4ch hyperbolidov a napokon dopad\u00e1 na kameru s vysok\u00fdm rozl\u00ed\u0161en\u00edm. V\u010faka ve\u013ek\u00e9mu priemeru objekt\u00edvu dok\u00e1\u017ee Chandra rozl\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 desa\u0165n\u00e1sobne men\u0161ie detaily ako prv\u00e9 r\u00f6ntgenov\u00e9 observat\u00f3rium ROSAT.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">K zrkadl\u00e1m s\u00fa pripojen\u00e9 tieto pr\u00edstroje:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>zobrazuj\u00faci spektrometer ACIS (Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer) (rozsah energi\u00ed 0.2-10 keV)<\/li>\n<li>vysokorozli\u0161uj\u00faca kamera HRC (High Resolution Camera) &#8211; zorn\u00e9 pole 31&#8217;\u00d731&#8242;, rozl\u00ed\u0161enie 0,5&#8243;, \u010dasov\u00e9 rozl\u00ed\u0161enie 16 ms). Hlavnou \u010das\u0165ou kamery je mikrokan\u00e1lov\u00e1 do\u0161ti\u010dka (MCP). Zorn\u00e9 pole kamery dosahuje 31\u00b4 kr\u00e1t 31\u00b4, \u010do zhruba zodpoved\u00e1 uhlovej ve\u013ekosti Mesiaca. Jej rozli\u0161ovacia schopnos\u0165 je &lt; 0,5&#8243;. Pozemsk\u00e9 \u010falekoh\u013eady s\u00fa schopn\u00e9 dosiahnu\u0165 tak\u00fato rozli\u0161ovaciu schopnos\u0165 vo vidite\u013enom spektre len za v\u00fdnimo\u010dne dobr\u00fdch podmienok.<\/li>\n<li>transparentn\u00e1 mrie\u017eka pre vysok\u00e9 energie HETG (High Energy Transmission Grating) (spektr\u00e1lne rozl\u00ed\u0161enie E\/DE=60 a\u017e 1000, rozsah energi\u00ed 0,4-10 keV)<\/li>\n<li>transparentn\u00e1 mrie\u017eka pre n\u00edzke energie LETG (Low Energy Transmission Grating) (spektr\u00e1lne rozl\u00ed\u0161enie E\/DE=40-2000, rozsah energi\u00ed 0,09-3 keV).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mrie\u017eky sl\u00fa\u017eia na odklon chodu r\u00f6ntgenov\u00fdch l\u00fa\u010dov v z\u00e1vislosti na ich energi\u00e1ch. S\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou mrie\u017ekov\u00e9ho spektrografu. Na rozdiel od hranolov\u00e9ho spektrografu je u mrie\u017ekov\u00e9ho spektrografu disperzia rovnak\u00e1 vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u010dastiach spektra. Mrie\u017eky sa zas\u00favaj\u00fa do dr\u00e1hy l\u00fa\u010dov medzi objekt\u00edv a ohniskov\u00fa rovinu. Ke\u010f s\u00fa mrie\u017eky zaraden\u00e9 za zrkadl\u00e1, \u010falekoh\u013ead pracuje ako r\u00f6ntgenov\u00fd spektrograf.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_4201\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"width: 300px\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Sagittarius_A.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-4201\" src=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Sagittarius_A-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Sagittarius_A-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Sagittarius_A-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Sagittarius_A.jpg 576w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">R\u00f6ntgenov\u00e1 sn\u00edmka zo satelitu Chandra zachyt\u00e1va jadro na\u0161ej Galaxie v neprav\u00fdch farb\u00e1ch. T\u00e1to sn\u00edmka vznikla po zatia\u013e najdlh\u0161ej r\u00f6ntgenovej expoz\u00edcii (celkove 164 hod\u00edn).<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>Hist\u00f3ria projektu<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">R\u00f6ntgenov\u00e9 observat\u00f3rium Chandra bolo p\u00f4vodne vyv\u00edjan\u00e9 pod n\u00e1zvom AXAF &#8211; Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility. Jeho vyslanie na obe\u017en\u00fa dr\u00e1hu pl\u00e1novala NASA u\u017e od roku 1976. Schv\u00e1lenie projektu v\u0161ak neust\u00e1le od\u010fa\u013eovali finan\u010dn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my a nesk\u00f4r aj <a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=852\">hav\u00e1ria raketopl\u00e1nu Challenger<\/a>. Americk\u00fd Kongres ho napokon schv\u00e1lil v roku 1988. P\u00f4vodne mal obsahova\u0165 \u010falekoh\u013ead s vysok\u00fdm stup\u0148om rozl\u00ed\u0161enia, ale prehodnotenie projektu v rokoch 1992 a 1993 zredukovalo pr\u00edstrojov\u00e9 vybavenie. Zmen\u0161en\u00e1 bola aj zbern\u00e1 plocha zrkadiel a namiesto zlat\u00fdch zrkadiel, ako bol p\u00f4vodn\u00fd pl\u00e1n, sa pou\u017eilo ir\u00eddium.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">P\u00f4vodn\u00fd term\u00edn \u0161tartu mal by\u0165 v roku 1997, no neust\u00e1le komplik\u00e1cie spojen\u00e9 so stavbou \u010falekoh\u013eadu a testovan\u00edm dru\u017eice viedli k neust\u00e1lym odkladom. V roku 1998 bol e\u0161te nedokon\u010den\u00fd \u010falekoh\u013ead pomenovan\u00fd Chandra na po\u010des\u0165 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho americk\u00e9ho astrofyzika indick\u00e9ho p\u00f4vodu Subrahmanyana Chandrasekhara. Bolo tie\u017e rozhodnut\u00e9 posla\u0165 observat\u00f3rium na ve\u013emi vysok\u00fa excentrick\u00fa dr\u00e1hu, aby sa 85 % cel\u00e9ho letu pohybovalo nad ru\u0161iv\u00fdmi radia\u010dn\u00fdmi p\u00e1smi.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0160tart<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Po dvoch odkladoch \u0161tartu sa napokon Chandra vydala do vesm\u00edru v n\u00e1kladovom priestore raketopl\u00e1nu Columbia 23. j\u00fala 1999. \u0160tart prebiehal za dramatick\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed. U\u017e p\u00e4\u0165 sek\u00fand po \u0161tarte do\u0161lo na palube Columbie ku skratu v jednej elektrickej bat\u00e9rii. Ove\u013ea v\u00e1\u017enej\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mom v\u0161ak bolo po\u0161kodenie r\u00farok tvoriacich stenu jedn\u00e9ho motora SSME. Vinou po\u0161kodenia z motora unikalo palivo. Hrozilo n\u00fadzov\u00e9 opustenie raketopl\u00e1nu pos\u00e1dkou na pad\u00e1koch, \u010d\u00edm by NASA pri\u0161la o raketopl\u00e1n aj o drah\u00e9 observat\u00f3rium. Columbia sa napokon dostala na obe\u017en\u00fa dr\u00e1hu o 10 km ni\u017e\u0161iu, ako bol p\u00f4vodn\u00fd pl\u00e1n, \u010do v\u0161ak misiu neohrozilo.<\/p>\n<h2>Vypustenie observat\u00f3ria<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_4200\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"width: 300px\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/615px-STS-93_crew.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-4200\" src=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/615px-STS-93_crew-300x234.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"234\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/615px-STS-93_crew-300x234.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/615px-STS-93_crew.jpg 615w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pos\u00e1dka misie STS-93 s modelom observat\u00f3ria Chandra<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Po otvoren\u00ed dver\u00ed n\u00e1kladov\u00e9ho priestoru a obvykl\u00fdch kontrol\u00e1ch dostala pos\u00e1dka zelen\u00fa pre pobyt na obe\u017enej dr\u00e1he a vypustenie observat\u00f3ria. Chandra bola pripojen\u00e1 k raketov\u00e9mu stup\u0148u IUS (Inertial Upper Stage), ktor\u00fd jej mal umo\u017eni\u0165 dosta\u0165 sa na potrebn\u00fa obe\u017en\u00fa dr\u00e1hu. Letov\u00e1 \u0161pecialistka Catherine Colemanov\u00e1 prepojila syst\u00e9my IUS na vlastn\u00e9 bat\u00e9rie a kr\u00e1tko po tom, o 11:37 UT, sa odpojili k\u00e1ble sp\u00e1jaj\u00face syst\u00e9m observat\u00f3ria a jej ur\u00fdch\u013eovacej rakety s raketopl\u00e1nom. O p\u00e4\u0165 minut nesk\u00f4r bol nosn\u00fd prstenec vyto\u010den\u00fd do polohy pro vypustenie IUS (58\u00b0). O 11:47:25 UT sa Chandra a jej raketa oddelili od raketopl\u00e1nu. Riadenie observat\u00f3ria v tej chv\u00edli prevzalo stredisko Onizuka AFB v Kalifornii. Na Zemi prepukli oslavy tohoto \u00faspechu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Piloti Columbie uskuto\u010dnili o 12:03 UT \u00fahybn\u00fd man\u00e9ver, aby bol raketopl\u00e1n v \u010dase z\u00e1\u017eihu motora IUS bezpe\u010dne \u010faleko. K z\u00e1\u017eihu motoru do\u0161lo o 12:47 UT. Po 117-sekundovom z\u00e1\u017eihu a odhodeniu motora sa Chandra pohybovala po dr\u00e1he vo v\u00fd\u0161ke 330-72 031 km. \u00daspe\u0161ne prebehlo aj vykl\u00e1panie sol\u00e1rnych panelov a navedenie na v\u00fdsledn\u00fa dr\u00e1hu (9 652-139 189 km).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Columbia potom \u00faspe\u0161ne prist\u00e1la 28. j\u00fala na Kennedyho vesm\u00edrnom stredisku.<\/p>\n<h2>Priebeh letu<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">27. j\u00fala 1999 v \u010dase 00:39 UT bol otvoren\u00fd ventil, \u010d\u00edm sa zah\u00e1jilo odply\u0148ovanie detektorov vedeck\u00fdch pr\u00edstrojov. 31. j\u00fala, 4. augusta a 7. augusta prebehli \u010fal\u0161ie motorick\u00e9 man\u00e9vre, aby sa dru\u017eica dostala na opera\u010dn\u00fa dr\u00e1hu. Obieha nad vn\u00fatorn\u00fdm Van Allenovym radia\u010dn\u00fdm p\u00e1som, ktor\u00fd by mohol ovplyvni\u0165 merania. Na druhej strane tak\u00e1to vysok\u00e1 dr\u00e1ha znemo\u017e\u0148ovala vyslanie servisnej misie v pr\u00edpade poruchy observat\u00f3ria.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_4199\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"width: 300px\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/600px-Keplers_supernova.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-4199\" src=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/600px-Keplers_supernova-300x240.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"240\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/600px-Keplers_supernova-300x240.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/600px-Keplers_supernova.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Zvy\u0161ok Keplerovej supernovy<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">19. augusta Chandra vytvorila prv\u00e9 sk\u00fa\u0161obn\u00e9 sn\u00edmky. Najprv sa uskuto\u010dnilo kalibra\u010dn\u00e9 pozorovanie bodov\u00e9ho r\u00f6ntgenov\u00e9ho zdroja LMC X-1 vo Ve\u013ekom Magellanovom oblaku, ktor\u00fd je vzdialen\u00fd asi 180 000 sveteln\u00fdch rokov od Zeme. Na testovanie ostrosti posl\u00fa\u017eil zvy\u0161ok supernovy v tej istej oblasti. Prv\u00e9 sn\u00edmky boli zverejnen\u00e9 26. augusta a i\u0161lo o fotografie zvy\u0161ku po supernove Cassiopeia A a kvazaru PKS 0637-752. V priebehu septembra NASA zverej\u0148ovala ka\u017ed\u00fd t\u00fd\u017ede\u0148 nov\u00e9 sn\u00edmky z Chandry.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">24. janu\u00e1ra 2002 observat\u00f3rium v d\u00f4sledku chyby orient\u00e1cie preru\u0161ilo vedeck\u00e9 pozorovania, ale e\u0161te v ten ist\u00fd de\u0148 sa podarilo obnovi\u0165 funkcie orienta\u010dn\u00e9ho a stabiliza\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a obnovi\u0165 aj vedeck\u00e9 pozorovania.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Predpokladan\u00e1 akt\u00edvna \u017eivotnos\u0165 Chandry bola 5 rokov. Po uplynut\u00ed tejto doby 31. augusta 2003 NASA pred\u013a\u017eila kontrakt so Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO), aby zaistila vedeck\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvanie observat\u00f3ria na \u010fal\u0161\u00edch 5 rokov, tj. do konca j\u00fala 2010. 31. decembra 2009 NASA pred\u013a\u017eila kontrakt s in\u0161tit\u00faciou Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) na zaistenie prev\u00e1dzky observat\u00f3ria do 30. septembra 2013 s mo\u017enos\u0165ou pred\u013a\u017eenia zmluvy na \u010fal\u0161ie dve trojro\u010dn\u00e9 obdobia. V roku 2012 do\u0161lo k pred\u013a\u017eeniu misie do roku 2016.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kv\u00f4li silnej <a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=2887\">slne\u010dnej<\/a> aktivite boli vedeck\u00e9 pozorovania dvakr\u00e1t preru\u0161en\u00e9. Prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t boli pozastaven\u00e9 od 24. okt\u00f3bra do 28. okt\u00f3bra 2003, druh\u00fdkr\u00e1t medzi 2. a 8. novembrom. V d\u00f4sledku siln\u00fdch slne\u010dn\u00fdch erupci\u00ed sa stratilo 206 hod\u00edn vedeck\u00fdch pozorovan\u00ed z obdobia od 24. okt\u00f3bra. 6. novembra 2003 bolo ozn\u00e1men\u00e9, \u017ee pravdepodobne n\u00e1sledkom kontamin\u00e1cie stopami mazadla sa zn\u00ed\u017eila priepustnos\u0165 optick\u00e9ho filtra ACIS na 60 % p\u00f4vodnej hodnoty, tak\u017ee vytvorenie sn\u00edmok vy\u017eaduje \u00famern\u00e9 pred\u013a\u017eenie expozi\u010dn\u00fdch \u010dasov.<\/p>\n<h2>Zdroje<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lib.cas.cz\/space.40\/2006\/I055A.HTM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1999-040B &#8211; Chandra v encyklop\u00e9dii Space-40<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mek.kosmo.cz\/druzice\/usa\/chandra\/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chandra X-Ray Observatory (CXO) v MEK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mek.kosmo.cz\/pil_lety\/usa\/sts\/sts-93\/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Priebeh letu STS-93 v MEK<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mek.kosmo.cz\/novinky\/kznl\/199903.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KOSMONAUTICK\u00c9 AKTUALITY &#8211; NEPILOTOVAN\u00c9 LETY: Observato\u0159 pro rentgenovou a gama astronomii Chandra<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t publikovan\u00e9 na slovenskej Wikip\u00e9dii. Autor: Jana Plauchov\u00e1 ako Eryn Blaireov\u00e1. Text je dostupn\u00fd pod Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0 a GFDL. R\u00f6ntgenov\u00e9 observat\u00f3rium Chandra je r\u00f6ntgenov\u00fd \u010falekoh\u013ead, ktor\u00fd pracuje na obe\u017enej dr\u00e1he Zeme. Je pomenovan\u00fd prez\u00fdvkou indick\u00e9ho astrofyzika Subrahmanyana Chandrasekhara, ktor\u00fd \u0161tudoval z\u00e1vere\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1di\u00e1 evol\u00facie hviezd. V staroidnickom jazyku sanskrit znamen\u00e1 slovo chandra &#8222;jasnos\u0165&#8220;,<span class=\"more-excerpt\"><a class=\"more-excerpt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=4296\"> (pokra&#269;ova&#357; v &#269;&iacute;tan&iacute;&#8230;)  <\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":677,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4296"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4296"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4296\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4300,"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4296\/revisions\/4300"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/677"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4296"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}