﻿{"id":7631,"date":"2022-12-07T21:45:55","date_gmt":"2022-12-07T20:45:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=7631"},"modified":"2022-12-07T21:45:55","modified_gmt":"2022-12-07T20:45:55","slug":"posadka-poslednej-misie-raketoplanu-columbia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=7631","title":{"rendered":"Pos\u00e1dka poslednej misie raketopl\u00e1nu Columbia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t publikovan\u00e9 na slovenskej Wikip\u00e9dii v \u010dl\u00e1nkoch <a href=\"https:\/\/sk.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Richard_Douglas_Husband\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Richard Douglas Husband<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/sk.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_Cameron_McCool\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">William Cameron McCool<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/sk.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=David_McDowell_Brown&amp;oldid=7502571\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">David McDowell Brown<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/sk.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Kalpana_Chawlov%C3%A1&amp;oldid=7461840\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kalpana Chawlov\u00e1<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/sk.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Michael_Philip_Anderson&amp;oldid=6493085\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Michael Philip Anderson<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/sk.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Ilan_Ramon&amp;oldid=7504449\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Laurel Blair Salton Clarkov\u00e1<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/sk.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Ilan_Ramon&amp;oldid=7504449\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ilan Ramon<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=2893\">Autori<\/a> pod\u013ea mno\u017estva pridan\u00e9ho textu: Jana Plauchov\u00e1 ako Eryn Blaireov\u00e1, spoluautori pod\u013ea jednotliv\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nkov: <strong>Husband<\/strong> &#8211; Lalina 34 %, Adrian 3 %, Martin Urbanec 1 %, <strong>McCool<\/strong> &#8211; Lalina 2 %, Vasi\u013e 1 %, <strong>Brown<\/strong> &#8211; Lalina 6 %, <strong>Chawlov\u00e1<\/strong> &#8211; Vasi\u013e 3 %, Adrian 1 %, Andrej-airliner 1 %, <strong>Anderson<\/strong> &#8211; Lenka 64 5 %, Lalina 3 %, <strong>Clarkov\u00e1<\/strong> &#8211; Vasi\u013e 3 %, Lalina 2 %, Kelovy 1 %, <strong>Ramon<\/strong> &#8211; \u05e4\u05d0\u05e8\u05d5\u05e7 10 %, Andrej-airliner 5 %, Sokol kat 1 %<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/581px-Richard_Husband_NASA_photo_portrait_in_orange_suit.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-7625\" src=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/581px-Richard_Husband_NASA_photo_portrait_in_orange_suit-227x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"317\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/581px-Richard_Husband_NASA_photo_portrait_in_orange_suit-227x300.jpg 227w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/581px-Richard_Husband_NASA_photo_portrait_in_orange_suit.jpg 581w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/><\/a>Richard Douglas &#8222;Rick&#8220; Husband<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(* 12. j\u00fal 1957, Amarillo, Texas, USA &#8211; \u2020 1. febru\u00e1r 2003, nad Texasom) bol americk\u00fd <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=7410\">astronaut<\/a>. Bol pilotom <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=468\">raketopl\u00e1nu<\/a> Discovery v misii STS-96 a velite\u013eom raketopl\u00e1nu Columbia v misii <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=1300\">STS-107<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Narodil sa v meste Amarillo v \u0161t\u00e1te Texas. V roku 1980 promoval na Texas Tech University v roku 1980. Pilotn\u00fdm v\u00fdcvikom pre\u0161iel na z\u00e1kladni Vance Air Force Base v \u0161t\u00e1te Oklahoma. Spo\u010diatku lietal na strojoch F-4, nesk\u00f4r sa stal in\u0161truktorom a sk\u00fa\u0161obn\u00fdm pilotom. Nalietal vy\u0161e 3 800 hod\u00edn na strojoch 40 r\u00f4znych typov.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pokra\u010doval v \u0161t\u00fadiu na California State university vo Fresne, ktor\u00e9 \u00faspe\u0161ne zakon\u010dil v roku 1990 a nast\u00fapil ako sk\u00fa\u0161obn\u00fd pilot na britskej leteckej z\u00e1kladni Bascombe Down.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V decembri roku 1994 pre\u0161iel konkurzom na astronauta. S v\u00fdcvikom v Johnsonovom kozmickom stredisku za\u010dal v marci 1995. Po ukon\u010den\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00e9ho v\u00fdcviku pracoval na vylep\u0161en\u00ed raketopl\u00e1nov, na pl\u00e1novanom z\u00e1chrannom \u010dlne pre kozmick\u00fa stanicu CRV (Crew Return Vehicle), podie\u013eal sa na \u0161t\u00fadi\u00e1ch o mo\u017enosti letu na Mesiac a na Mars, p\u00f4sobil ako mana\u017e\u00e9r oddelenia bezpe\u010dnosti astronautov. Svoj prv\u00fd let do vesm\u00edru absolvoval na palube raketopl\u00e1nu Discovery v roku 1999, v roku 2000 ho vymenovali do funkcie velite\u013ea pos\u00e1dky raketopl\u00e1nu Columbia STS-107, na \u0161tart v\u0161ak musel \u010daka\u0165 a\u017e do roku 2003. Zahynul pri prist\u00e1van\u00ed raketopl\u00e1nu 1. febru\u00e1ra spolu s ostatn\u00fdmi \u0161iestimi \u010dlenmi pos\u00e1dky.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bol hlboko veriacim \u010dlovekom. \u017denat\u00fd, s man\u017eelkou Evelyn mal syna Matthewa a dc\u00e9ru Lauru.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Po katastrofe po \u0148om pomenovali najvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed vrch mar\u0165ansk\u00e9ho pohoria <em>Columbia Hills<\/em> ako <em>Husband Hill<\/em>. Jeho meno tie\u017e nesie letisko v jeho rodnom meste Husband Amarillo International Airport a plan\u00e9tka <em>51823 Rickhusband<\/em>.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/614px-William_Cameron_McCool.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-7628\" src=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/614px-William_Cameron_McCool-240x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/614px-William_Cameron_McCool-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/614px-William_Cameron_McCool.jpg 614w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/><\/a>William Cameron &#8222;Willie&#8220; McCool<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(* 23. september 1961, San Diego, Kalifornia, USA \u2013 \u2020 1. febru\u00e1r 2003, nad Texasom) bol americk\u00fd astronaut. Vo svojej jedinej misii Columbia STS-107 letel vo funkcii pilota.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Narodil sa v San Diegu v Kalifornii. Jeho rodina sa ods\u0165ahovala do mesta Lubbock v \u0161t\u00e1te Texas, kde v roku 1979 absolvoval Coronado High School. Absolvoval celkove tri vysok\u00e9 \u0161koly: U.S. Naval Academy ukon\u010dil v roku 1983, University of Maryland v roku 1986 a U.S. Naval Postgraduate School v roku 1992.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Absolvoval pilotn\u00fd v\u00fdcvik, u n\u00e1morn\u00edctva lietal na strojoch EA-6B a operoval okrem in\u00e9ho z paluby lietadlovej lode USS Coral Sea CV-43 v Stredozemnom mori. Za\u010diatkom 90. rokov sa venoval tie\u017e v\u00fdskumnej pr\u00e1ci v oblasti let\u00fa\u0148ov. Astronautom sa stal v roku 1996 na druh\u00fd pokus. V tom \u010dase mal nalietan\u00fdch 2 800 hod\u00edn na 24 r\u00f4znych typoch lietadiel.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Po absolvovan\u00ed dvojro\u010dn\u00e9ho v\u00fdcviku bol v roku 2000 zaraden\u00fd do pos\u00e1dky misie STS-107. Misia STS-107, ktor\u00e1 od\u0161tartovala 16. janu\u00e1ra 2003 skon\u010dila trag\u00e9diou, ke\u010f sa pri prist\u00e1van\u00ed kv\u00f4li naru\u0161enej tepelnej ochrane dostala do kr\u00eddla orbitera plazma a sp\u00f4sobila jeho de\u0161trukciu. McCool bol pochovan\u00fd v meste Annapolis. Na jeho pamiatku bol jeho menom pomenovan\u00fd asteroid <em>51829 Williemccool<\/em> a tie\u017e jeden z vrchov mar\u0165ansk\u00e9ho pohoria <em>Columbia Hills<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bol \u017eenat\u00fd, otec troch synov.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/614px-David_M._Brown_NASA_photo_portrait_in_orange_suit.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-7626\" src=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/614px-David_M._Brown_NASA_photo_portrait_in_orange_suit-240x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/614px-David_M._Brown_NASA_photo_portrait_in_orange_suit-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/614px-David_M._Brown_NASA_photo_portrait_in_orange_suit.jpg 614w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/><\/a>David McDowell Brown<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(*16. apr\u00edl 1956, Arlington, Virg\u00ednia, USA &#8211; \u2020 1. febru\u00e1r 2003, nad Texasom) bol americk\u00fd astronaut. Pri svojom prvom lete do vesm\u00edru Columbia STS-107 letel v \u00falohe prv\u00e9ho letov\u00e9ho \u0161pecialistu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">David Brown sa narodil v Arlingtone v \u0161t\u00e1te Virginia. Abslovoval \u0161koly Yorktown High School, potom College of William and Mary v odbore biol\u00f3gia a napokon z\u00edskal doktor\u00e1t na Eastern Virginia Medical School v odbore medic\u00edna. \u0160t\u00fadium ukon\u010dil v roku 1982. Medzi \u0161kolami sa venoval na bud\u00faceho astronauta dos\u0165 nezvy\u010dajn\u00e9mu povolaniu \u2013 cirkusovej akrobacii. Po dokon\u010den\u00ed \u0161koly pracoval pre n\u00e1morn\u00edctvo ako lek\u00e1r. Sl\u00fa\u017eil v z\u00e1padnom Pacifiku na lietadlovej lodi USS Carl Vinson. V roku 1988 bol vybran\u00fd na pilotn\u00fd v\u00fdcvik. Lietal na stroji F-18 Hornet, sl\u00fa\u017eil okrem in\u00e9ho tie\u017e v Japonsku na plaube lietaldovej lode USS Indepence. V apr\u00edli 1996 mal nalietan\u00fdch 2700 hod\u00edn. 1. m\u00e1ja 1996 sa stal astronautom a absolvoval z\u00e1kladn\u00fd dvojro\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdcvik. Po jeho skon\u010den\u00ed sa venoval pr\u00edprave experimentov pre Medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fa vesm\u00edrnu stanicu. Vedeck\u00e1 misia STS-107, do ktorej pos\u00e1dky bol vymenovan\u00fd v roku 2000, bola jeho prv\u00fdm letom do vesm\u00edru. N\u00e1pl\u0148ou misie boli predov\u0161etk\u00fdm vedeck\u00e9 experimenty v mikrogravit\u00e1cii.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Brown tragicky zahynul spolu s ostatn\u00fdmi \u0161iestimi \u010dlenmi pos\u00e1dky pri hav\u00e1rii Columbie po\u010das n\u00e1vratu. Bol pochovan\u00fd na Arlingtonskom n\u00e1rodnom cintor\u00edne, tak ako \u010fal\u0161\u00ed dvaja \u010dlenovia pos\u00e1dky (Clarkov\u00e1 a Anderson).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Na jeho pamiatku bol pomenovan\u00fd asteroid <em>51825 Davidbrown<\/em>, jeho meno sa dostalo aj do leteck\u00e9ho a kozmick\u00e9ho akademick\u00e9ho centra Laurel B. Clark and David M. Brown Aerospace Medicine Academic Center. Je po \u0148om pomenovan\u00fd aj jeden vrch pohoria <em>Columbia Hills<\/em> na Marse.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Kalpana_Chawla_NASA_photo_portrait_in_orange_suit.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-7629 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Kalpana_Chawla_NASA_photo_portrait_in_orange_suit-240x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Kalpana_Chawla_NASA_photo_portrait_in_orange_suit-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Kalpana_Chawla_NASA_photo_portrait_in_orange_suit.jpg 614w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/><\/a>Kalpana Chawlov\u00e1<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(angl. Kalpana Chawla; hind. \u0915\u0932\u094d\u200d\u092a\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0935\u0932\u093e; * 17. marec 1962, Karnal, India \u2013 \u2020 1. febru\u00e1r 2003, nad Texasom) bola indicko-americk\u00e1 astronautka a prv\u00e1 indick\u00e1 \u017eena vo vesm\u00edre. Bola druh\u00fdm letov\u00fdm \u0161pecialistom na palube raketopl\u00e1nu Columbia STS-107.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Narodila sa 1. j\u00fala 1961 v meste Karnal v Indii. V Indii tie\u017e vy\u0161tudovala Punjab Engineering College, \u010fal\u0161ie dve \u0161koly potom absolvovala v Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch \u2013 University of Texas a University of Colorado. V roku 1988 po ukon\u010den\u00ed \u0161t\u00fadia na University of Colorado za\u010dala pracova\u0165 v Amesovom kozmickom stredisku NASA (\u0161t\u00e1t Kalifornia), kde sa venovala v\u00fdskumu aerodynamiky. V rokoch 1993 \u2013 1994 p\u00f4sobila v Overset Methods, Inc. so s\u00eddlom v Los Altos v Kalifornii a v roku 1994 ju NASA vybrala do oddielu astronautov. Po dokon\u010den\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00e9ho kurzu sa venovala problematike v\u00fdstupu do otvoren\u00e9ho priestoru.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bola vydat\u00e1 za Jean-Pierrea Harrisona a bezdetn\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Absolvovala celkove 2 kozmick\u00e9 lety. Jej prv\u00fd let bol Columbia STS-87, ktor\u00fd \u0161tartoval 19. novembra 1997 a mala v \u0148om funkciu letov\u00e9ho \u0161pecialistu. Cie\u013eom letu bolo mimo in\u00e9ho vypustenie a znovuzachytenie dru\u017eice Spartan-201. Chawlaov\u00e1 obsluhovala manipul\u00e1tor RMS, ktor\u00fdm mala satelit Spartan zachyti\u0165. Urobila v\u0161ak chybu a zle ho zachytila, n\u00e1sledkom \u010doho sa satelit rozk\u00fdval a raketopl\u00e1n sa musel vzdiali\u0165, aby nedo\u0161lo k stretu dvoch telies. Z tohto d\u00f4vodu bolo nutn\u00e9 zmeni\u0165 letov\u00fd pl\u00e1n a zachyti\u0165 dru\u017eicu nesk\u00f4r, \u010do sa \u00faspe\u0161ne podarilo. Po vy\u0161etrovan\u00ed NASA Chawlaov\u00fa zbavila v\u0161etk\u00fdch obvinen\u00ed z jej \u00fa\u010dasti na tomto incidente, napriek tomu v\u0161ak bol Chawlaovej tento omyl \u010dasto vy\u010d\u00edtan\u00fd. O to viac sa t\u00fa\u017eila vr\u00e1ti\u0165 do vesm\u00edru a svoju chybu od\u010dini\u0165. V roku 2000 bola nominovan\u00e1 do pos\u00e1dky letu STS-107 ako druh\u00fd (pod\u013ea in\u00fdch zdrojov tret\u00ed) letov\u00fd \u0161pecialista. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 mala funkciu palubn\u00e9ho in\u017einiera.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Zahynula spolu s ostatn\u00fdmi \u010dlenmi pos\u00e1dky pri hav\u00e1rii Columbie po\u010das prist\u00e1vania. Telesn\u00e9 pozostatky Kalpany Chawlaovej boli prevezen\u00e9 do jej rodnej Indie, kde bola pochovan\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Na jej po\u010des\u0165 bol pomenovan\u00fd asteroid <em>51826 Kalpanachawla<\/em> a jeden vrch mar\u0165ansk\u00e9ho pohoria <em>Columbia Hills<\/em>. Jej meno nesie tie\u017e ulica v predmest\u00ed New Yorku, v ktorej je ve\u013ea indick\u00fdch obchodov a tie\u017e prv\u00e1 indick\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e1 dru\u017eica <em>Kalpana-1<\/em>.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Michael_P._Anderson.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-7630 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Michael_P._Anderson-240x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Michael_P._Anderson-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Michael_P._Anderson.jpg 614w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/><\/a>Michael Philip Anderson<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(* 25. december 1959, Plattsburgh, New York, USA \u2013 \u2020 1. febru\u00e1r 2003, nad Texasom) bol americk\u00fd astronaut. Absolvoval dva lety do vesm\u00edru: ako prv\u00fd letov\u00fd \u0161pecialista na palube raketopl\u00e1nu Endeavour STS-89 a ako tret\u00ed letov\u00fd \u0161pecialista a z\u00e1rove\u0148 palubn\u00fd velite\u013e na palube raketopl\u00e1nu Columbia STS-107. Bol jedn\u00fdm zo siedmich astronautov, ktor\u00ed zahynuli na palube Columbie pri jej hav\u00e1rii po\u010das prist\u00e1vania.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Narodil sa v Plattsburghu v \u0161t\u00e1te New York, ale za svoje rodn\u00e9 mesto pova\u017eoval Spokane v \u0161t\u00e1te Washington. Nav\u0161tevoval Cheney High School (ukon\u010denie v roku 1977), potom University of Washington v odbore fyzika a astron\u00f3mia a napokon Creighton University v odbore fyzika. U\u017e po\u010das \u0161t\u00fadia na University of Washington nast\u00fapil k arm\u00e1de. Tam sa najsk\u00f4r venoval komunika\u010dn\u00fdm a informa\u010dn\u00fdm syst\u00e9mom, nesk\u00f4r bol vybran\u00fd do pilotn\u00e9ho v\u00fdcviku. Za\u010dal lieta\u0165 so strojom KC-135, sl\u00fa\u017eil tie\u017e ako pilot-in\u0161truktor. Na r\u00f4znych modeloch strojov KC-135 a T-38A mal v decembri 1994 nalietan\u00fdch vy\u0161e 3000 hod\u00edn. V decembri 1994 \u00faspe\u0161ne pre\u0161iel konkurzom na astronauta. Hne\u010f po skon\u010den\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00e9ho v\u00fdcviku sa dostal do pos\u00e1dky misie STS-89, \u010do bol let raketopl\u00e1nu Endeavour k ruskej vesm\u00edrnej stanici <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=1545\">Mir<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V roku 2000 bol Anderson vymenovan\u00fd do \u00falohy letov\u00e9ho \u0161pecialistu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 palubn\u00e9ho velite\u013ea vedeckej misie STS-107. Bol zodpovedn\u00fd za realiz\u00e1ciu vedeck\u00fdch experimentov. O misii STS-107 povedal: &#8222;To, \u010do rob\u00edme, m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 obrovsk\u00fd pr\u00ednos pre ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, pre \u013eudstvo &#8211; a som ve\u013emi r\u00e1d, \u017ee sa na tom m\u00f4\u017eem podie\u013ea\u0165.&#8220; Misia STS-107 v\u0161ak skon\u010dila trag\u00e9diou, ke\u010f sa pri prist\u00e1van\u00ed kv\u00f4li po\u0161kodenej tepelnej ochrane kr\u00eddla dostala do raketopl\u00e1nu plazma a sp\u00f4sobila jeho de\u0161trukciu. 12. febru\u00e1ra NASA ozn\u00e1mila, \u017ee sa podarilo identifikova\u0165 telesn\u00e9 pozostatky v\u0161etk\u00fdch siedmich astronautov. Michael Anderson bol pochovan\u00fd na Arlingtonskom n\u00e1rodnom cintor\u00edne vo Washingtone. Na jeho po\u010des\u0165 bol jeho menom pomenovan\u00fd asteroid<em> 51824 Mikeanderson<\/em>; jeho meno tie\u017e nesie jeden z vrcholov mar\u0165ansk\u00e9ho pohoria <em>Columbia Hills<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Anderson bol \u017eenat\u00fd. S man\u017eelkou Sandrou mal dve deti.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/564px-Laurel_Clark_NASA_photo_portrait_in_blue_suit.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-7624\" src=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/564px-Laurel_Clark_NASA_photo_portrait_in_blue_suit-221x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"326\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/564px-Laurel_Clark_NASA_photo_portrait_in_blue_suit-221x300.jpg 221w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/564px-Laurel_Clark_NASA_photo_portrait_in_blue_suit.jpg 564w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/><\/a>Laurel Blair Clarkov\u00e1<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">roden\u00e1 Saltonov\u00e1 (* 10. marec 1961, Ames, Iowa, USA \u2013 \u2020 1. febru\u00e1r 2003, nad Texasom) bola americk\u00e1 lek\u00e1rka a astronautka. Svoj jedin\u00fd let absolvovala na palube raketopl\u00e1nu Columbia STS-107 ako \u0161tvrt\u00fd letov\u00fd \u0161pecialista.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Laurel Clarkov\u00e1 sa narodila v Ames v americkom \u0161t\u00e1te Iowa, ale za svoje rodn\u00e9 mesto pova\u017eovala Racine v \u0161t\u00e1te Wisconsin. V tomto meste \u0161tudovala na William Horlick High School, potom z\u00edskala na University of Wisconsin-Madison lek\u00e1rsky doktor\u00e1t. Po skon\u010den\u00ed \u0161t\u00fadia nast\u00fapila do slu\u017eby v arm\u00e1de, kde sa venovala lek\u00e1rskej profesii na palube ponoriek aj na pevnine. P\u00f4sobila na r\u00f4znych miestach v Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch aj v z\u00e1mor\u00ed. V roku 1996 sa stala astronautkou a po skon\u010den\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00e9ho v\u00fdcviku p\u00f4sobila v technickom oddelen\u00ed pr\u00edpravy experimentov a \u010dakala na nomin\u00e1ciu do niektorej pos\u00e1dky kozmickej lode. V roku 2000 sa dostala do pos\u00e1dky vedeckej misie STS-107 ako \u0161tvrt\u00fd letov\u00fd \u0161pecialista.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Laurel Clarkov\u00e1 bola vydat\u00e1, s man\u017eelom Jonathanom mala jedn\u00e9ho syna.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cel\u00e1 pos\u00e1dka Columbie zahynula pri de\u0161trukcii stroja po\u010das prist\u00e1vania. Clarkov\u00e1 bola pochovan\u00e1 na Arlingtonskom n\u00e1rodnom cintor\u00edne podobne ako \u010fal\u0161\u00ed dvaja \u010dlenovia pos\u00e1dky \u2013 David McDowell Brown a Michael Anderson. Jej meno nesie asteroid <em>51827 Laurelclark<\/em> a jeden vrch mar\u0165ansk\u00e9ho pohoria <em>Columbia Hills<\/em>.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/614px-Ilan_Ramon_NASA_photo_portrait_in_orange_suit.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-7627\" src=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/614px-Ilan_Ramon_NASA_photo_portrait_in_orange_suit-240x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/614px-Ilan_Ramon_NASA_photo_portrait_in_orange_suit-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/614px-Ilan_Ramon_NASA_photo_portrait_in_orange_suit.jpg 614w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/><\/a>Ilan Ramon<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(hebr. \u05d0\u05d9\u05dc\u05df \u05e8\u05de\u05d5\u05df\u200e; rodn\u00fdm menom Ilan Wolferman; * 20. j\u00fan 1954, Ramat Gan, Izrael \u2013 \u2020 1. febru\u00e1r 2003, nad Texasom, USA) bol vojensk\u00fd pilot izraelsk\u00fdch vzdu\u0161n\u00fdch s\u00edl a nesk\u00f4r prv\u00fd a zatia\u013e jedin\u00fd izraelsk\u00fd astronaut. Bol \u0161pecialistom pre u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie na palube raketopl\u00e1nu Columbia (pri misii STS-107).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ramon sa narodil 20. j\u00fana 1954 v Tel Avive a vyrastal v meste Be\u2019er \u0160eva. Jeho matka aj babi\u010dka pre\u017eili vyhladzovac\u00ed t\u00e1bor Osvien\u010dim. V roku 1972 ukon\u010dil maturitnou sk\u00fa\u0161kou stredo\u0161kolsk\u00e9 vzdelanie. Za\u010dal \u0161tudova\u0165 na vysokej \u0161kole a z\u00e1rove\u0148 dostal rozkaz na povinn\u00fa vojensk\u00fa slu\u017ebu. Narukoval k letectvu, z ktor\u00e9ho odi\u0161iel a\u017e v roku 1998, preto\u017ee sa pridal ku kozmick\u00e9mu programu. V roku 1973 z\u00edskal prv\u00fa leteck\u00fa bojov\u00fa sk\u00fasenos\u0165 v Jomkipurskej vojne. V roku 1974 dokon\u010dil \u0161t\u00fadium na Leteckej \u0161kole izraelsk\u00e9ho letectva, ako bojov\u00fd pilot a v rokoch 1974 -76 sa z\u00fa\u010dastnil z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch cvi\u010den\u00ed a oper\u00e1ci\u00ed na strojoch Douglas A-4 Skyhawk. N\u00e1sledne sa pre\u0161kolil na Mirage IIIC. Kde\u010f v roku 1980 izraelsk\u00e9 letectvo vytvorilo prv\u00fa letku st\u00edhac\u00edch lietadiel F-16, z\u00fa\u010dastnil sa z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch cvi\u010den\u00ed a oper\u00e1ci\u00ed na z\u00e1kladni americk\u00e9ho letectva Hill Air Force Base v Utahu. V rokoch 1981 \u2013 1983 sl\u00fa\u017eil ako z\u00e1stupca velite\u013ea F-16 Letky B. V priebehu roku 1990 dokon\u010dil velite\u013esk\u00fd leteck\u00fd kurz. V rokoch 1990 \u2013 1992 bol velite\u013eom letky strojov F-16, v rokoch 1992 \u2013 1994 zast\u00e1val funkciu velite\u013ea Leteckej sekcie v Oddelen\u00ed opera\u010dn\u00fdch po\u017eadaviek.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Na F-16 nalietal dokopy vy\u0161e 1000 hod\u00edn, na ostatn\u00fdch strojoch \u010fal\u0161\u00edch 3000 hod\u00edn.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V j\u00fani roku 1981 sa vo svojej st\u00edha\u010dke F-16 pod velen\u00edm Aviho Sely z\u00fa\u010dastnil bombardovania nedokon\u010den\u00e9ho irack\u00e9ho jadrov\u00e9ho reaktora Osirak v Al Tuwejte. Osem F-16 istila p\u00e4\u0165\u010dlenn\u00e1 letka F-15. Skupina letela v zomknutej form\u00e1cii, aby znemo\u017enila identifik\u00e1ciu nepriate\u013esk\u00fdm radarom. Ramon bol najmlad\u0161\u00edm zo z\u00fa\u010dastnen\u00fdch pilotov. Za svoju \u00fa\u010das\u0165 v Jomkipurskej vojne a pri \u0165a\u017een\u00ed v Libanone dostal vysok\u00e9 vyznamenania. V roku 1987 dokon\u010dil aj vysok\u00fa \u0161kolu University of Tel Aviv.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V roku 1994 bol pov\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd do hodnosti plukovn\u00edka (Aluf Mi\u0161ne) a vymenovan\u00fd velite\u013eom Oddelenia opera\u010dn\u00fdch po\u017eiadaviek a v\u00fdvoja zbran\u00ed. Na tomto poste zostal do roku 1998, kedy bol vybran\u00fd a ustanoven\u00fd prv\u00fdm izraelsk\u00fdm astronautom. Izrael pri spolupr\u00e1ci s NASA s\u00e1m uskuto\u010dnil v\u00fdber vhodn\u00fdch kandid\u00e1tov. Z bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch d\u00f4vodov najprv nebolo zverejnen\u00e9 jeho pln\u00e9 meno, svet sa ho dozvedel a\u017e v roku 1998. Vtedy Ramon za\u010dal v\u00fdcvik v Houstone. Jeho n\u00e1hradn\u00edkom bol Jicchak Majo.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ramon bol \u017eenat\u00fd a s man\u017eelkou Ronou mal 4 deti.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kv\u00f4li pr\u00edtomnosti izraelsk\u00e9ho astronauta na palube sprev\u00e1dzali misiu mimoriadne bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 opatrenia. Nebolo zverejnen\u00e9 napr\u00edklad \u010d\u00edslo hang\u00e1ru OPF, v ktorom prebiehala pr\u00edprava orbitera Columbia. Vlastn\u00e9 nalodenie do pos\u00e1dky raketopl\u00e1nu str\u00e1\u017eila ozbrojen\u00e1 jednotka SWAT s nepriestreln\u00fdmi vestami. Raketopl\u00e1n \u00faspe\u0161ne od\u0161tartoval na svoju 28. misiu STS-107. STS-107 bola ozna\u010dovan\u00e1 za prv\u00fa mierov\u00fa misiu v Ramonovom \u017eivote. Zauj\u00edmavos\u0165ou je nieko\u013eko vec\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 si Ramon zobral na palubu:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">T\u00f3ra (Star\u00fd z\u00e1kon, Biblia) venovan\u00fa prezidentom \u0160t\u00e1tu Izrael Mo\u0161e Kacavom<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">mezuzy, schr\u00e1nky s ru\u010dne p\u00edsanou modlitbou, tie\u017e venovan\u00e9 prezidentom Mo\u0161e Kacavem<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">list od brata Gadiho a spr\u00e1vu od syna Asafa, obidvoje si mohol pre\u010d\u00edta\u0165 a\u017e vo vesm\u00edre<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">4 b\u00e1sne od man\u017eelky Rony.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">obr\u00e1zok nama\u013eovan\u00fd \u010desk\u00fdm chlapcom Petrom Ginzom. Petr Ginz bol vydavate\u013eom \u010dasopisu Vedem v nacistickom koncentra\u010dnom t\u00e1bore v priebehu druhej svetovej vojny. V \u010dase nakreslenia obr\u00e1zku mal nie\u010do vy\u0161e 14 rokov a bol fascinovan\u00fd vesm\u00edrom. Obr\u00e1zok zachyt\u00e1va jeho predstavu, ako vyzer\u00e1 poh\u013ead na Zem z Mesiaca.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kv\u00f4li pr\u00edtomnosti izraelsk\u00e9ho astronauta bola na palube raketopl\u00e1nu pod\u00e1van\u00e1 iba ko\u0161er strava. Zauj\u00edmavos\u0165ou je, \u017ee Ramon nebol prv\u00fd \u017did vo vesm\u00edre. Prvou \u017eidovkou sa stala Judith Resnikov\u00e1, ktor\u00e1 ale takisto zahynula pri rozpade raketopl\u00e1nu a to raketopl\u00e1nu Challenger (pozri <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=852\">STS-51-L<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">STS-107 bola vedeck\u00e1 misia zameran\u00e1 na mikrogravita\u010dn\u00e9 experimenty v laborat\u00f3riu Spacehab. Tu s\u00fa niektor\u00e9 z experimentov, na ktor\u00fdch sa z\u00fa\u010dast\u0148oval aj Ramon:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">d\u00fdchanie za jazdy na rotopede, vedci mali nameran\u00e9 hodnoty sk\u00fama\u0165 po n\u00e1vrate Columbie na Zem.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">odoberanie vzoriek krvi, sl\u00edn a mo\u010du<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">vzatie dospel\u00fdch kme\u0148ov\u00fdch buniek do vesm\u00edru, nesk\u00f4r sa mal sk\u00fama\u0165 vplyv <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=4662\">bezv\u00e1hov\u00e9ho stavu<\/a> na ne.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">stredomorsk\u00fd prachov\u00fd pokus, (MEIDEX = Mediterranean Israeli Dust Experiment) cel\u00e1 pos\u00e1dka sa zameriavala na pozorovanie prachu nad Stredozemn\u00fdm morom<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">pou\u017eitie mlie\u010dneho pr\u00e1\u0161ku M-107. Bol pre t\u00fato misiu vytvoren\u00fd izraelskou spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou Materna a obsahuje Bildobacterium lactis Bb12 a m\u00e1 pom\u00e1ha\u0165 zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 prejavom syndr\u00f3mu zvykania si na vesm\u00edr<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">sledovanie rastu kry\u0161t\u00e1lov chloridu kobaltu a kry\u0161t\u00e1lov v\u00e1pnika, to bol pokus \u0161tudentov \u0161koly Ort-Mackin v Haife. Na kry\u0161t\u00e1loch je zauj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee maj\u00fa vlasteneck\u00e9 farby Izraela. Kobalt je modr\u00fd a v\u00e1pnik biely.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ramonove pozostatky sa podarilo identifikova\u0165 5. febru\u00e1ra. Bol pochovan\u00fd zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch siedmich \u010dlenov pos\u00e1dky, ktor\u00ed zahynuli spolu s n\u00edm, ako prv\u00fd. Rakva s jeho pozostatkami dorazila do Tel Avivu 10. febru\u00e1ra. Nasleduj\u00faceho d\u0148a prebehol vlastn\u00fd obrad na bli\u017e\u0161ie neur\u010denom mieste v okruhu rodiny, priate\u013eov, pilotov a dvoch astronautov NASA.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Na jeho po\u010des\u0165 pomenovali asteroid s \u010d\u00edslom 51828 ako <em>51828 Ilanramon<\/em>. Jeden z vrcholov mar\u0165ansk\u00e9ho pohoria <em>Columbia Hills<\/em> navy\u0161e nesie meno <em>Ramon Hill<\/em>. V Izraeli bolo po \u0148om pomenovan\u00fdch aj nieko\u013eko \u0161k\u00f4l, parkov a in\u0161tit\u00faci\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2>Zdroje<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Rick Douglas Husband [online]. NASA. Dostupn\u00e9 online.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20041106132925\/http:\/\/spaceflight.nasa.gov\/shuttle\/archives\/sts-107\/memorial\/husband.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20041106132925\/http:\/\/spaceflight.nasa.gov\/shuttle\/archives\/sts-107\/memorial\/husband.html<\/a><\/li>\n<li>P\u016flstolet\u00ed kosmonautiky. Praha : Par\u00e1da, 2008. ISBN 978-80-87027-71-4. Kapitola \u017divotopisy hlavn\u00edch \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f, s. 433.<\/li>\n<li>Space-40: McCool, William C<\/li>\n<li>Tom\u00e1\u0161 P\u0159ibyl: Den, kdy se nevr\u00e1tila Columbia (JUNIOR, 2003)<\/li>\n<li>Web Kosmo o lete STS-107<\/li>\n<li>Web Kosmo o Brownovi<\/li>\n<li>Web Space o Brownovi<\/li>\n<li>Kalpana Chawlaov\u00e1 v encyklop\u00e9dii Space-40<\/li>\n<li>National Aeronautics and Space Administration, bios<\/li>\n<li>JPL Small-Body Database, 51824 Mikeanderson (2001 OE30)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lib.cas.cz\/space.40\/INDEX2.HTM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lib.cas.cz\/space.40\/INDEX2.HTM<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Mohlo by v\u00e1s zauj\u00edma\u0165<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=756\">Hav\u00e1ria raketopl\u00e1nu Columbia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=902\">Columbia Accident Investigation Board<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=6948\">Pr\u00edbeh Padaj\u00facich Hviezd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=275\">Posledn\u00fd v\u00fdchod slnka na svete<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=6588\">Paul Reinhard<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t publikovan\u00e9 na slovenskej Wikip\u00e9dii v \u010dl\u00e1nkoch Richard Douglas Husband, William Cameron McCool, David McDowell Brown, Kalpana Chawlov\u00e1, Michael Philip Anderson, Laurel Blair Salton Clarkov\u00e1, Ilan Ramon. Autori pod\u013ea mno\u017estva pridan\u00e9ho textu: Jana Plauchov\u00e1 ako Eryn Blaireov\u00e1, spoluautori pod\u013ea jednotliv\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nkov: Husband &#8211; Lalina 34 %, Adrian 3 %, Martin Urbanec 1 %, McCool &#8211;<span class=\"more-excerpt\"><a class=\"more-excerpt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=7631\"> (pokra&#269;ova&#357; v &#269;&iacute;tan&iacute;&#8230;)  <\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":677,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7631"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7631"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7631\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7644,"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7631\/revisions\/7644"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/677"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7631"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}