﻿{"id":9333,"date":"2025-09-26T17:40:25","date_gmt":"2025-09-26T15:40:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=9333"},"modified":"2025-09-26T17:40:25","modified_gmt":"2025-09-26T15:40:25","slug":"preco-pluto-uz-nie-je-planeta","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=9333","title":{"rendered":"Pre\u010do Pluto u\u017e nie je plan\u00e9ta?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_3221\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"width: 300px\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/Global_LORRI_mosaic_of_Pluto_in_true_colour.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-3221\" src=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/Global_LORRI_mosaic_of_Pluto_in_true_colour-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/Global_LORRI_mosaic_of_Pluto_in_true_colour-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/Global_LORRI_mosaic_of_Pluto_in_true_colour-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/Global_LORRI_mosaic_of_Pluto_in_true_colour.jpg 601w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pluto (sn\u00edmka zo sondy New Horizons)<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kedysi, pred rokom 2006, sa \u017eiaci v \u0161kole u\u010dili, \u017ee v <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=962\">slne\u010dnej s\u00fastave<\/a> m\u00e1me dev\u00e4\u0165 plan\u00e9t. T\u00e1 posledn\u00e1, deviata, sa volala <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=3206\">Pluto<\/a>. Mo\u017eno m\u00e1te aj star\u00e9 kni\u017eky, v ktor\u00fdch sa t\u00e1to plan\u00e9ta spom\u00edna. No dnes sa u\u017e medzi plan\u00e9ty nezara\u010fuje. Stalo sa Plutu nie\u010do? Opustilo azda slne\u010dn\u00fa s\u00fastavu? Alebo ho nie\u010do zni\u010dilo?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nie, ani jedno z toho. Pluto st\u00e1le existuje. St\u00e1le obieha okolo<a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=2887\"> Slnka<\/a> za plan\u00e9tou Nept\u00fan. St\u00e1le patr\u00ed do na\u0161ej slne\u010dnej s\u00fastavy. Len \u013eudia na Zemi sa jedn\u00e9ho d\u0148a rozhodli, \u017ee u\u017e ho nebud\u00fa viac plan\u00e9tou vola\u0165. Pre\u010do? Na to si najprv mus\u00edme vysvetli\u0165, \u010do to plan\u00e9ta je.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=6020\">Plan\u00e9ta<\/a> je iba slovo, ktor\u00e9 vymysleli \u013eudia. A \u013eudia sa tie\u017e rozhodli, \u010do n\u00edm bud\u00fa naz\u00fdva\u0165. D\u00e1vno, prad\u00e1vno, ke\u010f toto slovo vzniklo, n\u00edm volali v\u0161etko, \u010do videli pravidelne sa pohybova\u0165 po oblohe medzi nehybn\u00fdmi hviezdami. Vtedy si mysleli, \u017ee v\u0161etky tieto teles\u00e1 obiehaj\u00fa okolo Zeme. Aj Slnko a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=8512\">Mesiac<\/a> naz\u00fdvali plan\u00e9tami. Ale potom, ako vyna\u0161li \u010falekoh\u013ead, zistili, \u017ee Slnko a Mesiac s\u00fa in\u00e9. \u010casom pri\u0161li na to, \u017ee okolo Zeme obieha len jedno z nich \u2013 n\u00e1\u0161 Mesiac. Plan\u00e9ty obiehaj\u00fa okolo Slnka. Slnko zase ako jedin\u00e9 z t\u00fdchto telies naozaj svieti, je hor\u00face a omnoho v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie ne\u017e v\u0161etky plan\u00e9ty. A preto\u017ee s\u00fa Slnko a Mesiac in\u00e9, prestali sme ich vola\u0165 plan\u00e9ty. \u010co teda ostalo plan\u00e9tami? V t\u00fdch \u010dasoch v\u0161etko, \u010do obiehalo okolo Slnka, ale neobiehalo to z\u00e1rove\u0148 okolo Zeme.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u013dudia stavali \u010doraz lep\u0161ie \u010falekoh\u013eady a o plan\u00e9tach sa toho dozvedali \u010doraz viac. Vtedy zistili, \u017ee s\u00fa to gu\u013eat\u00e9 svety, ktor\u00e9 na rozdiel od Mesiaca m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 okolo seba aj <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=6627\">atmosf\u00e9ru<\/a> a oblaky. V tomto sa trochu podobaj\u00fa na\u0161ej Zemi. Aj v tom, \u017ee okolo nich videli obieha\u0165 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=7258\">ich vlastn\u00e9 mesiace<\/a>. Vid\u00edte, ako sa v\u00fdznam slova \u201eplan\u00e9ta\u201c zmenil? Najprv to bolo v\u0161etko, \u010do pomaly, ka\u017edoro\u010dne putovalo oblohou, potom u\u017e len svety podobn\u00e9 Zemi, ktor\u00e9 obiehaj\u00fa okolo Slnka, ale pritom neobiehaj\u00fa okolo ni\u010doho in\u00e9ho. Ale t\u00fdm pr\u00edbeh slova \u201eplan\u00e9ta\u201c z\u010faleka nekon\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ke\u010f astron\u00f3movia poznali \u010doraz lep\u0161ie obe\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy plan\u00e9t, v\u0161imli si, \u017ee ich vzdialenosti od Slnka sa riadia nejak\u00fdm pravidlom. Pod\u013ea p\u00e1nov, ktor\u00ed ho objavili, sa toto pravidlo vol\u00e1 Titiusov-Bodeho rad. Len\u017ee pod\u013ea tohto pravidla sa zdalo, \u017ee jedna plan\u00e9ta v slne\u010dnej s\u00fastave ch\u00fdba! Medzi Marsom a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=3943\">Jupiterom<\/a> je ve\u013emi ve\u013ek\u00e1 medzera, v ktorej by t\u00e1 plan\u00e9ta mala obieha\u0165. A tak astron\u00f3movia za\u010dali t\u00fa plan\u00e9tu \u010falekoh\u013eadmi h\u013eada\u0165. H\u013eadali a h\u013eadali&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A potom astron\u00f3m Giuseppe Piazzi nie\u010do objavil! Urobil tak presne na Nov\u00fd rok 1801. Silvestrovsk\u00e9 oh\u0148ostroje vtedy e\u0161te neboli, preto mohol neru\u0161ene pozorova\u0165 tmav\u00fa no\u010dn\u00fa oblohu. A skuto\u010dne na\u0161iel \u010falekoh\u013eadom mal\u00fa, slab\u00fa bodku, ktor\u00e1 obiehala okolo Slnka presne ako ostatn\u00e9 plan\u00e9ty \u2013 takmer po kruhu. Astron\u00f3movia sa pote\u0161ili \u2013 m\u00e1me na\u0161u h\u013eadan\u00fa plan\u00e9tu. Dali jej meno Ceres.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u010co\u017ee? \u017de ste o plan\u00e9te Ceres nikdy nepo\u010duli? V\u0161etko vysvetl\u00edm, len \u010d\u00edtajte \u010falej. U\u017e od jej objavu astron\u00f3mom v\u0155talo v hlave, pre\u010do je t\u00e1to nov\u00e1 plan\u00e9ta tak\u00e1 slab\u00e1, \u017ee ju bez \u010falekoh\u013eadu nevidno. A\u017e tak \u010faleko od Zeme predsa nie je, aby ju nebolo vidno. Ve\u010f tak\u00fd Jupiter je od Slnka dvakr\u00e1t \u010falej ako Ceres a vidno ho kr\u00e1sne, je v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou jasnej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e hviezdy. A tak\u00fd <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=4789\">Saturn<\/a> je e\u0161te skoro dvakr\u00e1t \u010falej ako Jupiter a tie\u017e ho \u013eahko vidno! Tak pre\u010do nie Ceres? A postupne pri\u0161li na to, \u017ee je to preto, lebo je ve\u013emi mali\u010dk\u00e1. Meria sotva tis\u00edc kilometrov. Tis\u00edc kilometrov sa zd\u00e1 by\u0165 ve\u013ea, ak to m\u00e1te prejs\u0165 autom, ale pozrite, ak\u00e1 je mal\u00e1 v porovnan\u00ed s plan\u00e9tou Zem. Len ako tak\u00e1 gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dka. E\u0161te aj Mesiac je trikr\u00e1t v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed!<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_9332\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"width: 1024px\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ceres-porovnanie-velkosti.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-9332 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ceres-porovnanie-velkosti.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"692\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ceres-porovnanie-velkosti.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ceres-porovnanie-velkosti-300x203.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ceres-porovnanie-velkosti-768x519.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mesiac (v\u013eavo hore, Ceres (v\u013eavo dole) a Zem (vpravo). <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ceres,_Earth_%26_Moon_size_comparison.jpg\">Zdroj.<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Len\u017ee, \u010do je e\u0161te \u010dudnej\u0161ie, o rok nesk\u00f4r medzi Marsom a Jupiterom pozorovatelia objavili \u010fal\u0161ie teleso. Dve plan\u00e9ty tak bl\u00edzko pri sebe? To nikomu ne\u0161lo do hlavy. A potom bola objaven\u00e1 \u010fal\u0161ia! A potom e\u0161te \u010fal\u0161ia! Nepre\u0161lo ani osem rokov od objavu Cerery, a u\u017e tam m\u00e1me plan\u00e9ty \u0161tyri. V\u0161etky ale ve\u013emi slabu\u010dk\u00e9, \u010di\u017ee ve\u013emi mali\u010dk\u00e9. Tie tri nov\u0161ie s\u00fa e\u0161te men\u0161ie ako Ceres.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A vtedy sa astron\u00f3movia zamysleli. Ur\u010dite ich tam bude viac! A skuto\u010dne, dnes ich pozn\u00e1me u\u017e tis\u00edce! Namiesto jednej ve\u013ekej plan\u00e9ty obieha medzi Marsom a Jupiterom cel\u00e1 h\u0155ba men\u0161\u00edch. A navy\u0161e okrem Cerery nie s\u00fa ani len gu\u013eat\u00e9. Ale sta\u010dili prv\u00e9 \u0161tyri tieto teles\u00e1, aby hvezd\u00e1ri pochopili, \u017ee musia v\u00fdznam slova \u201eplan\u00e9ta\u201c zmeni\u0165. U\u017e to nem\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 hoci\u010do, \u010do obieha okolo Slnka po takmer kruhovej dr\u00e1he. Mus\u00ed to by\u0165 nie\u010do v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie. Ale ak\u00e9 ve\u013ek\u00e9? To si astron\u00f3movia presne nepovedali. Preto z toho bol nesk\u00f4r probl\u00e9m&#8230;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_9337\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"width: 960px\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/960px-The_Four_Largest_Asteroids.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-9337 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/960px-The_Four_Largest_Asteroids.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/960px-The_Four_Largest_Asteroids.jpg 960w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/960px-The_Four_Largest_Asteroids-300x141.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/960px-The_Four_Largest_Asteroids-768x361.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0160tyri najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie teles\u00e1 objaven\u00e9 medzi Marsom a Jupiterom. V \u0161tvorici prv\u00fdch objaven\u00fdch v\u0161ak bola namiesto Hygeie plan\u00e9tka Juno. <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:The_Four_Largest_Asteroids.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Zdroj.<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A tak sa v dev\u00e4tn\u00e1stom storo\u010d\u00ed astron\u00f3movia rozhodli, \u017ee Ceres ani \u017eiadne in\u00e9 teliesko medzi Marsom a Jupiterom nebud\u00fa plan\u00e9tou vola\u0165. Ke\u010f\u017ee s\u00fa men\u0161ie ako plan\u00e9ty, vol\u00e1me ich iba plan\u00e9tky. Plan\u00e9tu Ceres museli vy\u0161krtn\u00fa\u0165 zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch u\u010den\u00fdch kn\u00edh, v ktor\u00fdch bola. A \u013eudia sa prestali u\u010di\u0165, \u017ee je to plan\u00e9ta. Deti v \u0161kol\u00e1ch sa v t\u00fdch \u010dasoch e\u0161te neu\u010dili vymenova\u0165 plan\u00e9ty, tak\u017ee z toho nebol prive\u013ek\u00fd zm\u00e4tok. Ale presu\u0148me sa o nejak\u00e9 to storo\u010die nesk\u00f4r, ke\u010f sa stalo nie\u010do ve\u013emi, ve\u013emi podobn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Na za\u010diatku dvadsiateho storo\u010dia si astron\u00f3movia zase l\u00e1mali hlavy. Posledn\u00e9 dve plan\u00e9ty slne\u010dnej s\u00fastavy, Ur\u00e1n a Nept\u00fan, toti\u017e neobiehali tak, ako vypo\u010d\u00edtali. Akoby nie\u010do ru\u0161ilo ich pohyb. Akoby ich nie\u010do gravit\u00e1ciou pri\u0165ahovalo niekam inam, ne\u017e by mali letie\u0165. \u010co by to mohlo by\u0165? Nejak\u00e1 \u010fal\u0161ia neobjaven\u00e1 plan\u00e9ta! A tak ju za\u010dali h\u013eada\u0165.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3220\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"width: 230px\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/Clyde_W._Tombaugh.jpeg.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3220 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/Clyde_W._Tombaugh.jpeg-230x300.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"230\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/Clyde_W._Tombaugh.jpeg-230x300.jpeg 230w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/Clyde_W._Tombaugh.jpeg.jpeg 368w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 230px) 100vw, 230px\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Clyde Tombaugh, objavite\u013e Pluta, pri svojom podom\u00e1cky vyrobenom teleskope<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Vtedy u\u017e astron\u00f3movia mali na h\u013eadanie plan\u00e9t nielen \u010falekoh\u013eady, ale aj fotografie. Ale to neboli tak\u00e9 fotky, ak\u00e9 m\u00e1me dnes. Tieto vznikali na ve\u013ek\u00e9 fotografick\u00e9 platne. A na t\u00fdchto fotografick\u00fdch platniach si jedn\u00e9ho d\u0148a mlad\u00fd astron\u00f3m menom Clyde Tombaugh v\u0161imol ve\u013emi slab\u00e9 teliesko, ktor\u00e9 sa medzi hviezdami pohybuje. Nazvali ho Pluto. Astron\u00f3movia zase zajasali. Zase si mysleli, \u017ee objavili plan\u00e9tu, ktor\u00fa h\u013eadali! A zase sa raz m\u00fdlili&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pokra\u010dovalo to podobne, ako ke\u010f objavili Cereru. Za\u010dali sa p\u00fdta\u0165, pre\u010do je t\u00e1 nov\u00e1 plan\u00e9ta tak\u00e1 slab\u00e1? \u00c1no, bola u\u017e tak \u010faleko od Slnka, \u017ee musela by\u0165 slab\u00e1, ve\u010f ani Nept\u00fan bez \u010falekoh\u013eadu nevid\u00edme. Ale t\u00e1to bola a\u017e pr\u00edli\u0161 slab\u00e1. A \u010dasom zistili, \u017ee je to preto, lebo je a\u017e pr\u00edli\u0161 mal\u00e1. Ale nie zase a\u017e tak\u00e1 mal\u00e1 ako Ceres. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia. Viac ne\u017e dvakr\u00e1t v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia. Ale aj tak je men\u0161ia ako n\u00e1\u0161 Mesiac. A u\u017e vtedy za\u010dalo niektor\u00fdm astron\u00f3mom v\u0155ta\u0165 v hlave \u2013 je spr\u00e1vne vola\u0165 ju plan\u00e9ta?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u010ealej mala ve\u013emi \u010dudn\u00fa dr\u00e1hu. Nebola pekn\u00e1 kruhov\u00e1 ako pri in\u00fdch plan\u00e9tach. Vyzerala sk\u00f4r, ako ke\u010f obkresl\u00edme vaj\u00ed\u010dko. Dokonca sa na p\u00e1r rokov Pluto dost\u00e1va k Slnku bli\u017e\u0161ie ako Nept\u00fan. \u017diadne in\u00e9 plan\u00e9ty sa ale na svojich dr\u00e1hach okolo Slnka nepredbiehaj\u00fa pred in\u00e9 plan\u00e9ty. Bolo to cel\u00e9 \u010doraz \u010dudnej\u0161ie. Ale zase, astron\u00f3movia objavili, \u017ee Pluto m\u00e1 aj vlastn\u00fd, ve\u013ek\u00fd mesiac. Ve\u010f len plan\u00e9ty m\u00e1vaj\u00fa mesiace, nie?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Veru nie. V roku 1994 sonda menom Galileo objavila, \u017ee aj plan\u00e9tky maj\u00fa svoje mesiace. A \u010do viac, dva roky predt\u00fdm sa objavilo prv\u00e9 teleso, ktor\u00e9 obiehalo za Nept\u00fanom, podobne ako Pluto. A potom tretie, \u0161tvrt\u00e9&#8230; presne ako po objave Cerery! Zistilo sa, \u017ee je tam \u010fal\u0161\u00ed p\u00e1s plan\u00e9tok, podobne ako medzi Marsom a Jupiterom. Tieto plan\u00e9tky v\u0161ak nie s\u00fa z kame\u0148a, ale z \u013eadu, lebo s\u00fa tak \u010faleko od Slnka, \u017ee je tam stra\u0161n\u00e1 zima. Tento druh\u00fd p\u00e1s plan\u00e9tok vol\u00e1me Kuiperov p\u00e1s.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Navy\u0161e sa zistilo, \u017ee Pluto m\u00e1 pr\u00edli\u0161 slab\u00fa gravit\u00e1ciu na to, aby k sebe v\u00fdznamne \u0165ahalo Ur\u00e1n a Nept\u00fan. A pre\u010do sa tieto dve plan\u00e9ty potom pohybuj\u00fa tak \u010dudne? Hm, no, ony sa vlastne \u010dudne nepohybuj\u00fa. Ke\u010f to astron\u00f3movia znova spo\u010d\u00edtali, zistili, \u017ee ich dr\u00e1ha je presne tak\u00e1, ak\u00e1 by mala by\u0165.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Astron\u00f3movia preto za\u010dali \u010doraz n\u00e1stoj\u010divej\u0161ie hovori\u0165, \u017ee ani Pluto by sme nemali naz\u00fdva\u0165 plan\u00e9tou. Mali by sme ho vyradi\u0165 spomedzi plan\u00e9t rovnako, ako sme kedysi d\u00e1vno vyradili Cereru. Ale in\u00ed astron\u00f3movia vraveli nie, ve\u010f Pluto je ove\u013ea v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie ako Ceres.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ale potom pri\u0161iel 31. okt\u00f3ber roku 2003. Astron\u00f3movia st\u00e1le objavovali nov\u00e9 a nov\u00e9 teles\u00e1 Kuiperovho p\u00e1su. Ale toto, \u010do objavili v tento de\u0148, bolo in\u00e9. Bolo dokonca o k\u00faso\u010dek v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie ako Pluto! A \u010do teraz s t\u00fdm? Ke\u010f sa Pluto vol\u00e1 plan\u00e9ta, aj ono sa mus\u00ed vola\u0165 plan\u00e9ta, aby to bolo spravodliv\u00e9. Bud\u00fa sa deti v \u0161kole u\u010di\u0165 desa\u0165 plan\u00e9t? Len\u017ee ani toto nov\u00e9 teleso, menom Eris, okrem toho, \u017ee bolo gu\u013eat\u00e9, ve\u013emi plan\u00e9tu nepripom\u00ednalo. M\u00e1 e\u0161te podivnej\u0161iu obe\u017en\u00fa dr\u00e1hu ako Pluto. Navy\u0161e, staviame st\u00e1le \u010doraz lep\u0161ie a lep\u0161ie \u010falekoh\u013eady. \u010co ak nimi objav\u00edme v Kuiperovom p\u00e1se \u010fal\u0161ie teleso podobne ve\u013ek\u00e9 ako Pluto a Eris? Budeme tu ma\u0165 \u010fal\u0161iu, u\u017e jeden\u00e1stu plan\u00e9tu? A potom dvan\u00e1stu, trin\u00e1stu&#8230;? Bud\u00fa sa po ka\u017edom objave tla\u010di\u0165 nov\u00e9 a nov\u00e9 u\u010debnice? Bud\u00fa sa deti v \u0161kol\u00e1ch u\u010di\u0165 \u010doraz viac plan\u00e9t? A \u010do ak si ich napokon u\u017e ani nebud\u00fa v\u0161etky vedie\u0165 zapam\u00e4ta\u0165?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A tak astron\u00f3movia v auguste roku 2006 zvolali ve\u013ek\u00fa poradu. Konala sa v Prahe. Radili sa tam o mnoh\u00fdch veciach. A medzi nimi aj o tom, \u010di budeme Pluto vola\u0165 \u010falej plan\u00e9tou, alebo nie. Hlasovali a dohodli sa, \u017ee nie. Pluto u\u017e nepatr\u00ed medzi ve\u013ek\u00e9 plan\u00e9ty. No rozhodli sa, \u017ee tak\u00e9to mal\u00e9 plan\u00e9tky m\u00f4\u017eeme vola\u0165 trpasli\u010die plan\u00e9ty. Trpasli\u010dia plan\u00e9ta je aj Ceres, aj Eris \u2013 to nov\u00e9 teleso v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie ako Pluto. Aj v\u0161etko \u010fal\u0161ie, \u010do sa objav\u00ed, a je dos\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00e9 na to, aby bolo gu\u013eat\u00e9 ako plan\u00e9ty, no pritom pr\u00edli\u0161 mal\u00e9 na to, aby na seba gravit\u00e1ciou pritiahlo podobn\u00e9 mal\u00e9 telieska v okol\u00ed.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3224\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"width: 300px\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/NH-Pluto-TombaughRegio-MountainRange-20150714-IFV.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3224 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/NH-Pluto-TombaughRegio-MountainRange-20150714-IFV-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/NH-Pluto-TombaughRegio-MountainRange-20150714-IFV-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/NH-Pluto-TombaughRegio-MountainRange-20150714-IFV-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/NH-Pluto-TombaughRegio-MountainRange-20150714-IFV-768x767.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/NH-Pluto-TombaughRegio-MountainRange-20150714-IFV.jpg 769w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Povrch Pluta zbl\u00edzka<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_3222\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"width: 300px\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/NH-PlutoCharon-Color-NewHorizons-20150711.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-3222\" src=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/NH-PlutoCharon-Color-NewHorizons-20150711-300x157.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"157\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/NH-PlutoCharon-Color-NewHorizons-20150711-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/NH-PlutoCharon-Color-NewHorizons-20150711.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pluto a jeho najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed mesiac Ch\u00e1ron na z\u00e1bere New Horizons<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A tak \u013eudia zase raz zmenili v\u00fdznam slova plan\u00e9ta. Dnes je z toho zm\u00e4tok, ale ke\u010f prejde od objavu Pluta to\u013eko \u010dasu, ako od objavu Ceres, u\u017e si skoro nikto nebude pam\u00e4ta\u0165, \u017ee sme Pluto kedysi plan\u00e9tou volali.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">No na Plute samotnom sa ni\u010d nezmenilo. Ono ani nevie, \u017ee my na Zemi ho u\u017e vol\u00e1me inak. Plutu je \u00faplne jedno, \u010di ho vol\u00e1me plan\u00e9ta, trpasli\u010dia plan\u00e9ta, alebo treb\u00e1rs gombi\u010dka. Obieha si pokojne, tak ako mili\u00f3ny rokov predt\u00fdm, ve\u013emi \u010faleko od Slnka. A len preto, \u017ee sa ho u\u017e neu\u010d\u00edme ako plan\u00e9tu, nem\u00f4\u017eeme poveda\u0165, \u017ee Pluto nestoj\u00ed za pozornos\u0165. Naopak, Pluto je \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9! Dev\u00e4\u0165 rokov potom, ako ho astron\u00f3movia vyradili z rodiny plan\u00e9t, okolo neho toti\u017e preletela kozmick\u00e1 sonda New Horizons. T\u00e1 ho dobre presk\u00famala a poslala z neho kr\u00e1sne fotky. Ke\u010f sa k Plutu pribl\u00ed\u017eila, pri\u0161iel jeden objav za druh\u00fdm. Zistilo sa, \u017ee plyny, ktor\u00e9 my na Zemi d\u00fdchame, s\u00fa v obrovskej zime na Plute pevn\u00e9. Keby ste boli na Plute, m\u00f4\u017eete poveda\u0165, \u017ee chod\u00edte po vzduchu! Pluto m\u00e1 vlastn\u00fa atmosf\u00e9ru, ktor\u00e1 je s\u00edce ve\u013emi studen\u00e1, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 aj kr\u00e1sne modr\u00e1 ako t\u00e1 na\u0161a. S\u00fa na \u0148om par\u00e1dne hory a menej kr\u00e1terov ako na na\u0161om Mesiaci. M\u00e1 \u013eadovce, ktor\u00e9 sa na \u0148om ve\u013emi pomaly h\u00fdbu. A je tam aj ve\u013ek\u00e1 rovina, ktor\u00e1 vyzer\u00e1 ako srdce. Keby ste st\u00e1li na Plute a d\u00edvali sa na jeho n\u00e1dhern\u00fd, najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed mesiac Ch\u00e1ron, na oblohe by sa v\u00e1m v\u00f4bec neh\u00fdbal. Nevych\u00e1dzal by, nezapadal, len by v\u00e1m pomaly menil f\u00e1zy. Nikde inde v na\u0161ej slne\u010dnej s\u00fastave, na \u017eiadnej plan\u00e9te ani plan\u00e9tke, sa ni\u010d podobn\u00e9 nedeje. V\u010faka sonde New Horizons sa m\u00f4\u017eeme pokocha\u0165 poh\u013eadom na tento mesiac, hoci je od n\u00e1s ve\u013emi \u010faleko. Vidie\u0165 na \u0148om obrovit\u00e1nske praskliny.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Na pr\u00edbehu slova plan\u00e9ta vid\u00edme, ak\u00e1 je cesta \u013eudsk\u00e9ho poznania zlo\u017eit\u00e1. Ani dnes e\u0161te nepozn\u00e1me v\u0161etko, \u010do m\u00e1me v na\u0161ej slne\u010dnej s\u00fastave, a u\u017e v\u00f4bec nie to, \u010do je vo vzdialenej\u0161om vesm\u00edre. A ke\u010f sa sna\u017e\u00edme nie\u010do nov\u00e9 objavi\u0165, neraz n\u00e1s prekvap\u00ed, \u017ee n\u00e1jdeme nie\u010do \u00faplne in\u00e9. Povedali sme si, ako \u013eudia v minulosti h\u013eadali dve plan\u00e9ty a namiesto nich na\u0161li dva p\u00e1sy plan\u00e9tok \u2013 hlavn\u00fd p\u00e1s a Kuiperov p\u00e1s. V ka\u017edom z nich je plno teliesok a tie najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie, \u010do sa podobaj\u00fa na plan\u00e9ty, lebo s\u00fa gu\u013eat\u00e9, vol\u00e1me trpasli\u010die plan\u00e9ty. Ako s\u00fa \u013eudia \u010doraz m\u00fadrej\u0161\u00ed, \u013eudsk\u00fd jazyk sa bude \u010falej vyv\u00edja\u0165. Mo\u017eno sa raz v\u00fdznam slova plan\u00e9ta op\u00e4\u0165 zmen\u00ed. A mo\u017eno aj v slne\u010dnej s\u00fastave raz n\u00e1jdeme plan\u00e9tu, ktor\u00e1 bude naozaj plan\u00e9tou, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou ako n\u00e1\u0161 Mesiac. Ist\u00e9 je len jedno \u2013 to, \u017ee sme sa o Plute prestali u\u010di\u0165 v \u0161kole, neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee ono neexistuje. A u\u017e v\u00f4bec to neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee nie je zauj\u00edmav\u00e9&#8230;<\/p>\n<h2>Mohlo by v\u00e1s zauj\u00edma\u0165<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=510\">\u017divot po Plute<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=7526\">Plan\u00e9ty slne\u010dnej s\u00fastavy stru\u010dne<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=2669\">Viete, \u017ee Mesiac nie je plan\u00e9ta?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=5395\">Zauj\u00edmavosti o Plute a Kuiperovom p\u00e1se<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=5588\">Zauj\u00edmavosti o plan\u00e9tkach, kom\u00e9tach, meteoroch a meteoritoch<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kedysi, pred rokom 2006, sa \u017eiaci v \u0161kole u\u010dili, \u017ee v slne\u010dnej s\u00fastave m\u00e1me dev\u00e4\u0165 plan\u00e9t. T\u00e1 posledn\u00e1, deviata, sa volala Pluto. Mo\u017eno m\u00e1te aj star\u00e9 kni\u017eky, v ktor\u00fdch sa t\u00e1to plan\u00e9ta spom\u00edna. No dnes sa u\u017e medzi plan\u00e9ty nezara\u010fuje. Stalo sa Plutu nie\u010do? Opustilo azda slne\u010dn\u00fa s\u00fastavu? Alebo ho nie\u010do zni\u010dilo? Nie, ani jedno<span class=\"more-excerpt\"><a class=\"more-excerpt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/?page_id=9333\"> (pokra&#269;ova&#357; v &#269;&iacute;tan&iacute;&#8230;)  <\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":9040,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9333"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9333"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9333\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9340,"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9333\/revisions\/9340"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9040"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adhara.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9333"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}